How can an EB-5 investor change from consular processing to AOS?

Yes, you may switch to adjustment of status from consular processing by filing the AOS application. USCIS will request the file from the NVC.

Yes, you can change from consular processing to adjustment of status or vice versa. If you are in the United States at the time your I-526 is approved and you are not a Chinese national, you simply file the I-485 package with the I-526 approval notice.

You may do this, but again it all depends on the timing of the EB-5 approval. Would you still be an F-1 student at that time? If not, then you would need to return to your home country and go through the consulate.

Yes, in theory you could indicate on your I-526 petition that you wish to consular process it and then change your mind. If you happen to be in the United States in valid status such as F-1 student status when visa numbers become available, you could still file an application to adjust status on Form I-485 after the I-526 petition is approved and after visa numbers become available. If you are a citizen of China, visa numbers may not be available for 3-4 years or longer unless and until Congress increases the quota for the EB-5 preference.

Your may have some flexibility for your immigration process after the I-526 is approved. Please consult with an immigration attorney to review your current situation and proposed timelines.

You do not need to indicate consular processing since you are in the United States on F-1 status. A better approach is to indicate adjustment of status by which you will file the I-485 after approval of the I-526.

Yes, you can file an adjustment with no further action. Simply notify the NVC after the adjustment is filed.

Yes, that is possible and USCIS will request your file back from the NVC.

Since many people's situation change after they file the I-526 while the petition is pending for many months, it is appropriate to file the I-526 as consulate processing and then change to AOS if that petition just happen to be approved while you are in the United States on a legal visa status. The circumstances are such it may be more advantageous to go through the consulate process when time comes, however. You and your legal counsel should discuss the next step when you receive your I-526 approval.

Yes, you can convert your petition from consular processing to adjustment of status if you are present in the United States on a valid status.

Yes. One does not necessarily preclude the other.